le brut

Word: brut

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Meaning in English:

The French word "brut" primarily acts as an adjective and occasionally as a noun, and it generally means "raw," "rough," "pure," or "unrefined."

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Detailed Explanation:

1. As an Adjective:

• Raw or unprocessed:
  Describes something in its natural, untouched state.
  Example: "bois brut" = raw wood (not treated or polished).

• Rough, coarse:
  Something not smoothed or finished.
  Example: "mur brut" = rough wall.

• Gross or total (before deductions):
  Especially in financial or measurement contexts.
  Example: "salaire brut" = gross salary (before taxes/deductions).

• Pure or absolute:
  Often used to describe something in its pure form, such as "diamant brut" (rough diamond).

2. As a noun:

• It can refer to the raw state of a material, such as "le brut" meaning the raw or crude substance, e.g., "le brut de pétrole" – crude oil.

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Parts:

• Root word deriving from Latin brutus, meaning heavy or stupid, but in French evolved to refer to something raw or unpolished.

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Synonyms:

• Raw, unrefined, unprocessed: naturel, non traité, sauvage
• Gross (in finance): total, avant impôts
• Rough: rugueux, rêche

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Antonyms:

• Refined, processed: raffiné, traité, poli
• Net (in finance): net

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In summary:

"Brut" emphasizes the original, natural, or uneroded character of something—whether it’s a material, a quantity (like salary), or an idea related to rawness or roughness.