sträuben

The German word "sträuben" is a verb that generally means "to resist" or "to rebel". It can also mean "to ruffle up," usually referring to hair or fur standing on end as a reaction to fright or anger. The root of the word is "struppig," meaning "scruffy" or "unkempt."

Similar words in German include:

• "widersetzen" (to oppose or resist)
• "sich wehren" (to defend oneself or resist)
• "sich widersetzen" (to oppose)

Differences:

• "Widersetzen" typically implies a more active opposition, sometimes in a rebellious or insubordinate context.
• "Sich wehren" usually indicates self-defense or active resistance against something or someone.
• "Sich widersetzen" explicitly indicates opposing or standing up against authority or commands.

"Sträuben" often implies an outward or physical manifestation of resistance, such as bristling or showing tension, adding a somewhat more emotional or reactive nuance than the other terms.